AZATHIOPRINE

AZATHIOPRINE: Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive drug that is used to treat various autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. It is prescribed for conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.

The mechanism of action of azathioprine involves its conversion into an active metabolite called 6-mercaptopurine. This active form interferes with the synthesis of DNA and RNA in rapidly dividing cells, including those involved in the immune response. By inhibiting the proliferation of immune cells, azathioprine helps to reduce the overall activity of the immune system and prevent it from attacking healthy tissues.

The dose of azathioprine varies depending on the condition being treated and the individual patient. It is typically started at a low dose and gradually increased until the desired response is achieved. The dosage range can vary but is generally between 1 to 3 mg per kilogram of body weight per day.

As with any medication, azathioprine can cause side effects. These can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and loss of appetite. It can also suppress the bone marrow, leading to a decrease in the production of red and white blood cells, which can increase the risk of infections. Azathioprine also carries a potential risk of liver damage, so regular monitoring of liver function is necessary during treatment. Additionally, some individuals may develop allergic reactions or an increased susceptibility to certain types of cancers while taking azathioprine.

It is important to note that azathioprine should only be taken under the supervision of a healthcare professional who can assess the risks and benefits of the medication for each individual patient.