CALCITRIOL

CALCITRIOL: Calcitriol, also known as Rocaltrol, is a synthetic form of Vitamin D that is used to treat various conditions related to calcium and phosphate metabolism. It is primarily prescribed for the management of hypocalcemia (low levels of calcium in the blood) and secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with chronic kidney disease or renal failure.

Mechanism of action:
Calcitriol exerts its effects by enhancing the absorption of dietary calcium from the intestines and promoting renal reabsorption of calcium. It also stimulates the release of parathyroid hormone (PTH) from the parathyroid gland, which helps regulate calcium and phosphate levels.

Dose:
The dosage of calcitriol is individualized based on the patient’s condition and response to treatment. It is available in oral capsule and liquid formulations and is typically taken once daily, with or without food. The initial dose ranges from 0.25 to 0.5 mcg per day for adults and may be adjusted as necessary.

Side effects:
While calcitriol is generally well-tolerated, it may cause some side effects. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, constipation, loss of appetite, headache, dry mouth, and increased thirst or urination. These symptoms are usually mild and transient.

In rare cases, high doses of calcitriol or prolonged use can lead to hypercalcemia (elevated calcium levels) or hypercalciuria (excessive calcium in urine), which may result in symptoms such as muscle weakness, drowsiness, dizziness, bone pain, kidney stones, or abnormal heart rhythm. Monitoring of calcium and phosphate levels is necessary during treatment to avoid these complications.

It is important to follow the prescribed dosage and inform the healthcare provider about any pre-existing medical conditions, including kidney or liver disease, as well as other medications being taken, as they may interact with calcitriol. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult a healthcare professional before using this medication.