CLOMIFENE

CLOMIFENE: Clomifene, also known as Clomiphene, is a medication used to treat infertility in women. It is classified as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) and is primarily used to stimulate ovulation in women who have difficulty conceiving due to problems with ovulation.

Mechanism of Action:
Clomifene works by blocking estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus, a region of the brain that plays a key role in regulating the menstrual cycle. By blocking estrogen receptors, it prevents the negative feedback that estrogen usually exerts on the hypothalamus, leading to an increase in the production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). This increase in hormonal activity stimulates the ovaries to produce and release eggs.

Use:
Clomifene is primarily used to induce ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or other ovulation disorders. It may also be used in cases of unexplained infertility or as part of assisted reproductive technology procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Dose:
The typical starting dose of clomifene is 50 mg daily for 5 days, usually starting on the 5th day of the menstrual cycle. If ovulation does not occur at this dose, it may be increased in subsequent cycles up to a maximum of 150 mg per day.

Side Effects:
Common side effects of clomifene may include hot flashes, abdominal discomfort, bloating, breast tenderness, nausea, vomiting, and headache. These side effects are usually mild and temporary. However, if any of these side effects become severe or persistent, it is important to consult a healthcare professional.

Less common but more serious side effects include visual disturbances (such as blurred vision, spots, or flashes of light), mood swings, depression, ovarian enlargement, or multiple pregnancies (e.g., twins or higher-order multiples). If any of these occur, medical attention should be sought immediately as they may require discontinuation of the medication.

It is important to note that clomifene should only be used under the guidance and supervision of a healthcare professional, as it requires careful monitoring to assess ovulation and determine the appropriate treatment course.