DEXTROMETHORPHAN

DEXTROMETHORPHAN: DEXTROMETHORPHAN is a widely used medication that is primarily used as a cough suppressant. It is available both over-the-counter and with a prescription, depending on the formulation and combination with other active ingredients.

Mechanism of Action:
Dextromethorphan acts on the central nervous system by suppressing the cough reflex. It is classified as a non-opioid, centrally-acting antitussive. It works by binding to and inhibiting NMDA receptors, as well as sigma-1 receptor agonism. The exact mechanism of its cough suppressant effect is not fully understood, but it is thought to involve suppression of the cough center in the brain.

Use:
Dextromethorphan is primarily used to provide relief from coughing, especially in cases of non-productive coughs associated with the common cold, flu, or respiratory tract infections. It is not effective for coughs caused by smoking, asthma, or emphysema.

Dose:
The recommended dose of dextromethorphan can vary depending on the formulation and the individual’s age and condition. It is important to follow the instructions provided by the healthcare provider or as indicated on the packaging. Generally, the recommended dose for adults and children over 12 years old is 10-30 mg every 4-8 hours. For children aged 6-12 years, the recommended dose is 5-15 mg every 4-8 hours. However, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional for accurate dosing instructions.

Side Effects:
Common side effects of dextromethorphan may include dizziness, drowsiness, headache, upset stomach, and nausea. These effects are usually mild and resolve on their own. In some cases, high doses of dextromethorphan or drug interactions can lead to more serious side effects such as hallucinations, confusion, respiratory depression, and impaired motor function. It is important to adhere to the recommended dose and use caution when combining dextromethorphan with other medications, especially those that also act on the central nervous system.

In rare cases, dextromethorphan has the potential for misuse and abuse, as it can produce euphoric and hallucinogenic effects when consumed in large amounts. It is important to use dextromethorphan as directed and not exceed the recommended dose to avoid any potential risks.