VIT A + VIT D3 + ASCORBIC ACID + NICOTINAMIDE + D-PANTHENOL + ZN SULPHATE + B6 + B1 + E + L-LYSINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE
Vit A: Drug: Vitamin A
Use: Vitamin A is essential for maintaining healthy vision, immune function, and cell growth. It is used to treat vitamin A deficiency and to support overall health and well-being.
Mechanism of Action: Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that exists in various forms, including retinol, retinal, and retinoic acid. It plays a crucial role in the formation and maintenance of healthy epithelial tissues, including those in the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Additionally, it is involved in the production of visual pigments in the retina, which are necessary for proper vision. Vitamin A also supports the immune system by promoting the production and function of immune cells.
Dose: The recommended daily intake of vitamin A varies depending on age, sex, and specific needs. For adult males, 900 micrograms (mcg) of vitamin A per day is recommended, while adult females require 700 mcg per day. Pregnant and lactating women have higher requirements, with recommended intakes of 770-1300 mcg per day. It is important to consult a healthcare professional for personalized dosing instructions.
Side Effects: When taken within recommended doses, vitamin A is generally safe and well-tolerated. However, excessive intake of vitamin A can lead to toxicity, known as hypervitaminosis A. Symptoms of vitamin A toxicity include nausea, headache, dizziness, blurred vision, bone pain, and dry and itchy skin. Long-term excessive intake can cause more severe complications such as liver damage, birth defects (if taken during pregnancy), and increased risk of osteoporosis. It is important to follow the recommended dosage and avoid excessive supplementation without medical supervision to prevent vitamin A toxicity.
Note: This information is meant to provide a general overview of vitamin A. It is not meant to replace professional medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for personalized recommendations and information specific to your needs.
Vit D3: Vitamin D3, also known as cholecalciferol, is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in the regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism in the body. It is obtained through exposure to sunlight and can also be obtained from dietary sources or supplements.
Use:
Vitamin D3 is primarily used to treat and prevent vitamin D deficiency. It is also prescribed for certain medical conditions like osteoporosis, hypoparathyroidism, rickets, and chronic kidney disease, where there is impaired vitamin D synthesis or absorption.
Mechanism of Action:
Vitamin D3 works by converting into its active form known as calcitriol in the liver and kidneys. Calcitriol binds to vitamin D receptors in target tissues, including the intestines, bones, and kidneys. In the intestines, it promotes the absorption of calcium and phosphate. In the bones, it stimulates calcium release from osteoblasts. In the kidneys, it increases the reabsorption of calcium and phosphate and stimulates the synthesis of parathyroid hormone.
Dose:
The dosage of vitamin D3 varies depending on the individual and their specific needs. The recommended daily allowance (RDA) for vitamin D3 varies by age and health condition. For infants, children, and adults, the RDA ranges from 400 IU to 800 IU per day. However, higher doses may be required for treating specific medical conditions, which should be determined and prescribed by a healthcare professional.
Side Effects:
When taken within recommended dosages, vitamin D3 is generally considered safe and well-tolerated. However, excessive intake of vitamin D3 can lead to hypercalcemia (elevated calcium levels in the blood), which can cause symptoms like nausea, vomiting, weakness, confusion, and kidney damage. Other side effects may include constipation, dry mouth, headache, and increased thirst.
It is important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any vitamin D3 supplementation to ensure the appropriate dosage and to monitor for potential interactions with other medications or underlying health conditions.
Ascorbic Acid: Ascorbic Acid, commonly known as Vitamin C, is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for the growth, development, and repair of body tissues. It is commonly found in fruits and vegetables, especially citrus fruits. Ascorbic Acid is available as a dietary supplement and is also added to various food and drinks for fortification.
Use:
Ascorbic Acid is primarily used to prevent or treat Vitamin C deficiency. It is also used as an antioxidant and immune booster. Additionally, some people use it to help with iron absorption, wound healing, and collagen production.
Mechanism of Action:
Ascorbic Acid functions as a cofactor for various enzymes involved in collagen formation, neurotransmitter synthesis, and immune function. It also acts as an antioxidant, which helps protect cells from damage caused by harmful free radicals.
Dose:
The recommended daily intake of Ascorbic Acid varies depending on age, sex, and specific health conditions. For adults, the recommended daily intake is around 75-90 mg, and for pregnant and lactating women, it is slightly higher at around 85-120 mg. Higher doses of Ascorbic Acid are sometimes prescribed under medical supervision for certain conditions.
Side Effects:
In general, Ascorbic Acid is considered safe when taken orally in recommended doses. However, high doses of Ascorbic Acid can cause digestive disturbances such as diarrhea, nausea, and stomach cramps. Long-term use of high doses may also lead to kidney stones. Individuals with a history of kidney stones or certain health conditions should avoid excessive intake of Ascorbic Acid.
It is important to note that while Ascorbic Acid has numerous health benefits, supplementation should not replace a balanced diet. It is always advisable to consult a healthcare professional before starting any new supplementation or making significant changes to your diet.
Nicotinamide: Nicotinamide, also known as niacinamide, is a form of vitamin B3 that is used as a supplement or medication. It is involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins and plays a crucial role in cellular energy production.
Nicotinamide is primarily used to treat and prevent niacin deficiency. It is also used in the management of certain skin conditions like acne, rosacea, and dermatitis, as well as in the treatment of pellagra, a condition caused by severe niacin deficiency. Additionally, nicotinamide has been studied for its potential benefits in preventing or treating other medical conditions like diabetes, osteoarthritis, and Alzheimer’s disease, although more research is needed to establish its efficacy in these areas.
The exact mechanism of action of nicotinamide is not fully understood, but it is believed to work by replenishing the levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in the body. NAD+ is a coenzyme involved in various cellular processes, including energy metabolism and DNA repair.
The recommended dose of nicotinamide varies depending on the specific indication for which it is being used. For niacin deficiency, the usual adult dose is 50-100 mg taken orally, usually once a day. For skin conditions, higher doses of 500-1000 mg per day may be recommended. It is important to follow the dosage instructions provided by a healthcare professional or as indicated on the product label.
Nicotinamide is generally considered safe and well-tolerated. Common side effects are rare but may include nausea, diarrhea, stomach upset, and flushing of the skin, particularly at higher doses. These side effects are usually mild and temporary. In rare cases, excessive intake of nicotinamide can lead to liver toxicity, so it is important to use the drug as directed.
As with any medication or supplement, it is always advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before starting nicotinamide to determine the appropriate dose and to discuss any potential interactions or contraindications, particularly if you have pre-existing medical conditions or are taking other medications.
D-Panthenol: D-Panthenol, also known as Dexpanthenol or pro-vitamin B5, is a synthetic form of vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid). It is used as a medication or cosmetic ingredient to treat or prevent various skin conditions.
The primary use of D-Panthenol is in dermatology, where it is applied topically to improve the hydration, elasticity, and smoothness of the skin. It is commonly used to treat dry, irritated, or damaged skin, such as in cases of burns, wounds, diaper rash, eczema, or sunburns. It is also found in various hair care products to enhance the strength and shine of hair, prevent split ends, and improve manageability.
The mechanism of action of D-Panthenol is through its conversion into pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) in the body. Pantothenic acid is an essential nutrient for the synthesis of coenzyme-A, which plays a crucial role in various metabolic processes, including the production of skin lipids and proteins. Therefore, D-Panthenol helps to improve skin barrier function, hydration, and regeneration.
The dose and frequency of D-Panthenol application depend on the specific product and the condition being treated. Typically, it is applied as a cream, lotion, ointment, or spray directly to the affected area of skin. For hair care products containing D-Panthenol, it is usually applied to wet hair and left on for a certain period before rinsing.
D-Panthenol is generally considered safe and well-tolerated when used topically. However, in rare cases, individuals may experience mild allergic reactions or skin irritation, such as redness, itching, or rash. Discontinue use if such reactions occur.
It is worth noting that although D-Panthenol is safe and beneficial for topical use, there is limited evidence regarding its efficacy when taken orally as a supplement. Consult a healthcare professional before using D-Panthenol orally or using it in combination with other medications or skincare products.
Zn Sulphate: Drug: Zinc Sulphate
Use: Zinc Sulphate is a mineral supplement used to prevent or treat zinc deficiency in the body. Zinc is an essential mineral necessary for proper growth and development, maintenance of a healthy immune system, and wound healing. It is also involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in the body.
Mechanism of Action: Zinc Sulphate provides the body with supplemental zinc, which is necessary for the functioning of various enzymes and proteins. It plays a role in cell division, DNA synthesis, and protein synthesis. Zinc is also involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
Dose: The recommended dose of Zinc Sulphate depends on the age, sex, and specific medical condition of the individual. It is available in oral tablet or capsule form and is usually taken once daily after a meal. The dosage strength may vary from 220 mg to 600 mg depending on the purpose of use. It is important to follow the dosing instructions provided by a healthcare professional.
Side Effects: Zinc Sulphate is generally considered safe when taken as recommended. However, some individuals may experience side effects such as nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps, diarrhea, and a metallic taste in the mouth. In rare cases, high doses or prolonged use of zinc supplements can lead to copper deficiency, immune system suppression, and low levels of HDL cholesterol. It is important to consult a healthcare professional if any unusual or severe side effects occur.
Note: Zinc Sulphate may interact with certain medications and medical conditions. It is essential to inform the healthcare professional about all current medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, and any pre-existing medical conditions before starting Zinc Sulphate.
B6: B6, also known as Vitamin B6 or pyridoxine, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in several bodily functions. It is primarily used as a dietary supplement to treat or prevent vitamin B6 deficiency, as well as various medical conditions.
The mechanism of action of B6 involves its conversion into its active form, pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP), which acts as a cofactor for many enzymatic reactions in the body. PLP plays a key role in amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis (such as serotonin and dopamine), and the production of red blood cells and antibodies.
The recommended dietary intake of B6 varies depending on factors such as age, sex, and pregnancy. For adults, the recommended daily intake ranges from 1.3 to 1.7 mg. Higher doses may be prescribed for specific medical conditions.
B6 supplements are generally safe when taken within the recommended dosage. However, long-term use of high doses (above 200 mg per day) can lead to toxicity and nerve damage, known as peripheral neuropathy. Symptoms of B6 toxicity include numbness or tingling in the hands or feet, difficulty walking, and trouble coordinating movements.
In some cases, B6 supplementation may cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, and loss of appetite. These side effects are typically mild and resolve on their own.
It is important to note that B6 should not be used as a substitute for a healthy diet and should only be taken under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Before starting any supplement, it is advisable to consult with a doctor or pharmacist to ensure it is safe and appropriate for individual circumstances.
B1: B1, also known as thiamine or vitamin B1, is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for the body’s metabolism. It is necessary for the conversion of carbohydrates into glucose, which is the main source of energy for the body. B1 is commonly found in foods such as whole grains, legumes, nuts, and meat.
The primary medical use of B1 is to prevent and treat thiamine deficiency, which can occur due to insufficient dietary intake or conditions like alcoholism. Thiamine deficiency can lead to serious health problems such as Beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
The mechanism of action of B1 involves its conversion into its active form, thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), which acts as a cofactor for several important enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism. TPP helps convert pyruvate, a product of glucose metabolism, into acetyl-coenzyme A, which then enters the citric acid cycle to produce energy.
The recommended daily dose of B1 varies depending on age, sex, and health condition. For adults, the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) is about 1-1.2 mg per day. In cases of severe thiamine deficiency or certain medical conditions, higher doses may be prescribed by healthcare professionals.
B1 is generally safe and well-tolerated when taken within the recommended dosage range. However, in some cases, high doses of thiamine supplements can cause side effects such as stomach upset, nausea, headache, and allergic reactions. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any supplementation to determine the appropriate dosage and evaluate the potential risks and benefits based on individual health needs.
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L-Lysine Monohydrochloride: L-Lysine Monohydrochloride is an essential amino acid that is commonly used as a dietary supplement. It is derived from a protein-rich diet and can also be found in certain food sources like meat, fish, dairy products, and legumes.
L-Lysine is primarily used to treat or prevent herpes simplex infections, including cold sores. It is believed to work by inhibiting the replication of the herpes virus. Additionally, L-Lysine may also help in the production of collagen, which is important for the health and maintenance of skin, tissues, and bones.
The typical adult dose of L-Lysine Monohydrochloride for treating herpes simplex infections is usually 1000 mg three times a day. However, the dosage may vary depending on the individual’s specific condition and the recommendation of a healthcare professional.
L-Lysine Monohydrochloride is generally considered safe when taken orally at recommended doses. However, some common side effects may include diarrhea, stomach pain, and nausea. Less frequently, allergic reactions or kidney problems may occur. If any severe side effects or allergic reactions occur, it is important to seek immediate medical attention.
It is important to note that L-Lysine Monohydrochloride may interact with certain medications, such as drugs that contain arginine or medications used to prevent organ transplant rejection. Therefore, it is essential to inform your healthcare provider about any other medications you are taking before starting L-Lysine Monohydrochloride.
Overall, L-Lysine Monohydrochloride is generally safe and well-tolerated when used as directed. However, it is always advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new medication or supplement.
