ETHOSUXIMIDE

ETHOSUXIMIDE: Drug: Ethosuximide

Use: Ethosuximide is an anticonvulsant medication primarily used for the treatment of absence seizures, also known as petit mal seizures. It is not effective against other types of seizures.

Mechanism of Action: Ethosuximide acts by blocking T-type calcium channels in the thalamus, which helps to regulate abnormal electrical activity in the brain. This reduces the occurrence and severity of absence seizures.

Dose: Ethosuximide is typically taken orally in capsule or liquid form, with or without food. The initial dose for children aged 3 to 6 years is 250 mg per day, increasing by 250 mg increments every 4 to 7 days until control is achieved or side effects occur. For children aged 6 years and older, the initial dose is 500 mg per day, increasing by 500 mg increments every 4 to 7 days. The maximum recommended daily dose is 1.5 grams.

Side Effects: Common side effects of ethosuximide may include drowsiness, dizziness, headache, hiccups, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, loss of appetite, and diarrhea. These side effects are usually mild and temporary. More serious side effects such as skin rashes, mood changes, suicidal thoughts, or allergic reactions are rare but require immediate medical attention. It is important to regularly monitor blood cell count and liver function while on this medication. Ethosuximide can interact with other drugs, so it is advised to inform the healthcare provider about all medications being taken.