FOLIC ACID + CALCIUM + VITAMIN B6 (PYRIDOXINE) + VITAMIN D3 (CHOLECALCIFEROL) + VITAMIN K2-7 (MENAQUINONE-7)
Folic Acid: Folic Acid, also known as vitamin B9, is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for the synthesis and repair of DNA, as well as the production of red blood cells. It is used to prevent or treat folic acid deficiency, which can lead to a variety of health problems including anemia.
The mechanism of action of folic acid involves its conversion into its active form, folate, which acts as a coenzyme in various metabolic reactions. It plays a crucial role in the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and proteins, as well as the metabolism of amino acids and the formation of red blood cells.
Folic acid is available in various forms, such as tablets, capsules, and injections. The recommended dose of folic acid varies depending on the age, sex, and specific condition being treated. For adults, the usual dose ranges from 400 to 800 micrograms per day. It is commonly used in combination with other medications to treat certain types of anemia.
While folic acid is generally well-tolerated, it can cause some side effects. These may include nausea, loss of appetite, bloating, flatulence, and a bitter or unpleasant taste in the mouth. High doses of folic acid can mask vitamin B12 deficiency, so it is important to have regular blood tests to monitor vitamin levels.
In rare cases, allergic reactions to folic acid may occur, characterized by symptoms like itching, rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing. If any of these symptoms occur, medical attention should be sought immediately.
It is important to note that folic acid supplementation should only be used under the guidance and supervision of a healthcare professional, as self-treatment may not be appropriate for certain conditions or individuals.
Calcium: Drug: Calcium
Use: Calcium is a mineral that is essential for various body functions. It is primarily used as a dietary supplement to prevent or treat calcium deficiency. Calcium supplements are commonly prescribed for people with low calcium levels, osteoporosis, certain bone diseases, or those who cannot obtain sufficient calcium from their diet alone.
Mechanism of Action: Calcium plays a crucial role in many physiological processes. It is a key component of bone structure, helps regulate muscle contractions including the heartbeat, aids in blood clotting, and is important for nerve function. When calcium levels are low, the body will take calcium from the bones to maintain normal cellular functions. Calcium supplementation helps restore adequate levels of this mineral in the body.
Dose: The dose of calcium can vary depending on the individual’s age, sex, and specific condition, as well as the type of supplement used. Typically, adults require around 1000-1300 mg of elemental calcium per day, which may be divided into multiple doses. It is important to follow the dosage instructions provided by healthcare professionals or the manufacturer of the supplement.
Side Effects: When taken as directed, calcium supplements are generally safe for most individuals. However, some possible side effects include constipation, bloating, gas, and stomach upset. High doses of calcium supplements can lead to hypercalcemia (high calcium levels in the blood), which may cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, confusion, muscle weakness, and in severe cases, cardiac arrhythmias. Additionally, long-term excessive calcium intake may increase the risk of kidney stones. It is advisable to seek medical attention if any adverse reactions or symptoms occur while taking calcium supplements.
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine): Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in various bodily functions. It is used for the treatment of vitamin B6 deficiency and as a dietary supplement.
Mechanism of Action: Vitamin B6 acts as a coenzyme in numerous enzymatic reactions involved in protein metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and hemoglobin formation. It also plays a role in the synthesis of important neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
Use: Vitamin B6 is primarily used to treat or prevent vitamin B6 deficiency, which can occur in people with poor nutrition, alcoholism, certain medical conditions, or those taking certain medications. It may also be prescribed for certain other conditions such as morning sickness during pregnancy, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and carpal tunnel syndrome. Additionally, it is used as a dietary supplement for individuals who may have an increased need for vitamin B6, such as pregnant or breastfeeding women, athletes, and those with certain medical conditions.
Dose: The recommended daily dose of vitamin B6 varies depending on age, gender, and specific needs. The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for adults is typically between 1.3 to 1.7 mg per day. Higher doses may be prescribed by a healthcare professional for medical conditions or during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Side Effects: Vitamin B6 is generally considered safe when taken in recommended doses. However, high doses of vitamin B6 (usually above 200 mg per day) can lead to a condition known as vitamin B6 toxicity or pyridoxine overdose. Symptoms of vitamin B6 toxicity may include neurological problems like numbness, clumsiness, difficulty walking, and sensory changes. Long-term use of high doses can also cause adverse effects such as photosensitivity, skin rashes, nausea, stomach pain, and liver damage. It is important to follow the recommended dosage and consult a healthcare professional if experiencing any adverse reactions.
As with any supplement or medication, it is always advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before starting vitamin B6 or any other new supplement. They can provide guidance on the appropriate dosage and monitor for any potential interactions with other medications or health conditions.
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol): Vitamin D3, also known as cholecalciferol, is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health. It is primarily used to treat and prevent vitamin D deficiency in individuals who are unable to absorb sufficient amounts of vitamin D from sunlight or dietary sources.
The main mechanism of action of vitamin D3 involves regulating calcium and phosphorus absorption in the body, which is essential for promoting bone health. Upon exposure to sunlight or consumption of foods rich in vitamin D, the skin and liver convert vitamin D3 into its active form, known as calcitriol. Calcitriol then binds to vitamin D receptors in the cells of the gut, kidneys, and bones, stimulating the absorption and utilization of calcium and phosphorus.
The recommended daily dose of vitamin D3 varies depending on age, sex, and individual needs. The usual dose for adults ranges from 600 IU (international units) to 2000 IU per day. However, in cases of severe deficiency or under medical supervision, higher doses may be prescribed.
Vitamin D3 is generally well-tolerated when taken within the recommended doses. Possible side effects are rare but may include nausea, constipation, loss of appetite, weight loss, and increased thirst. In extremely high doses, vitamin D toxicity can occur, leading to symptoms like weakness, fatigue, headache, nausea, vomiting, and increased urination. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any vitamin D3 supplementation to determine the appropriate dose and monitor for any potential side effects.
In summary, Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is a crucial vitamin that helps maintain bone health by regulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism. It is usually used to treat and prevent vitamin D deficiency. While generally safe, it is important to take the recommended dose to avoid any potential side effects or toxicity.
Vitamin K2-7 (menaquinone-7): Vitamin K2-7, also known as menaquinone-7, is a form of vitamin K that plays a crucial role in maintaining bone health and cardiovascular health. It is a fat-soluble vitamin that is naturally produced by bacteria in the gut and can also be obtained through dietary sources such as fermented foods, meat, and cheese.
Use:
Vitamin K2-7 is primarily used as a dietary supplement to support bone health. It works by regulating calcium metabolism in the body, directing calcium towards the bones and teeth and preventing its buildup in the arteries and soft tissues. This helps to prevent osteoporosis, reduce the risk of fractures, and promote healthy bone density. Vitamin K2-7 is also believed to have potential benefits for cardiovascular health, as it may help to prevent the calcification of arteries.
Mechanism of Action:
Vitamin K2-7 serves as a cofactor for the enzyme gamma-glutamyl carboxylase, which activates certain proteins involved in bone formation and blood coagulation. Specifically, it activates osteocalcin, a protein that binds calcium and helps incorporate it into bone tissue. By promoting the activation of osteocalcin, vitamin K2-7 ensures that calcium is properly utilized for bone mineralization and prevents its accumulation in the wrong places.
Dose:
The recommended dosage of vitamin K2-7 may vary depending on the individual’s age, sex, and specific health conditions. However, a typical dose for adults is around 45-90 micrograms per day. It is important to follow the instructions provided by the healthcare provider or the product label regarding the specific dosage.
Side Effects:
Vitamin K2-7 is generally considered safe when taken within the recommended dosage range. Since it is a fat-soluble vitamin, excessive intake may potentially lead to toxicity. However, toxicity from dietary sources alone is rare. Some individuals may experience mild side effects such as gastrointestinal upset, flushing, or allergic reactions. It is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplements, especially if you have any underlying medical conditions or are taking other medications.
