FOLIC ACID + METHYLCOBALAMIN + VITAMIN B6 (PYRIDOXINE) + VITAMIN B1 + ADENOSYLCOBALAMIN + VITAMIN B2 (RIBOFLAVIN)
Folic Acid: Drug name: Folic Acid
Use: Folic Acid is a synthetic form of vitamin B9, used as a dietary supplement or medication. It is commonly used to treat or prevent low levels of folate in the body, which can lead to certain types of anemia. It is also used in pregnancy to help prevent birth defects in the baby’s brain and spine.
Mechanism of action: Folic Acid plays a crucial role in the body’s production of red blood cells. It is essential for the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and proteins. Folate is necessary for cell growth and division, especially in tissues that rapidly replenish, like bone marrow. Folic acid supplements help to increase levels of folate in the body, supporting red blood cell production and preventing anemia.
Dose: The recommended daily dose of Folic Acid for adults is usually 400 to 800 micrograms (mcg). However, doses may vary depending on the individual’s age, sex, and medical condition. It is often prescribed at a higher dose during pregnancy, ranging from 600 to 800 mcg.
Side effects: Folic Acid is generally considered safe when taken at the recommended doses. However, some individuals may experience side effects such as nausea, loss of appetite, bloating, gas, and a bitter or unpleasant taste in the mouth. These side effects are usually mild and resolve on their own. In rare cases, high doses of folic acid can cause allergic reactions, which include itching, rash, and difficulty breathing. If any severe or persistent side effects occur, it is important to consult a healthcare provider.
Methylcobalamin: Methylcobalamin is a form of Vitamin B12 that is used as a dietary supplement and medication. It is prescribed to treat Vitamin B12 deficiency, certain types of anemia, peripheral neuropathy, and to support neurological function.
The mechanism of action of Methylcobalamin involves its conversion to methyl-donor compounds, which are involved in various biochemical reactions in the body. Vitamin B12 is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system, as it plays a crucial role in the synthesis of myelin, the protective covering of nerves.
The exact dosage of Methylcobalamin can vary depending on the specific condition being treated and individual factors. In general, it is commonly available in tablet or capsule form, typically in doses of 500 mcg to 5 mg. The appropriate dosage should be determined by a healthcare professional.
Common side effects of Methylcobalamin are usually mild and may include headaches, nausea, diarrhea, and skin rash. Allergic reactions to the medication are rare but can occur. It is always recommended to consult a healthcare professional if any concerning side effects are experienced.
It is important to note that Methylcobalamin should be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as Vitamin B12 deficiency and related conditions should be accurately diagnosed before starting treatment. Additionally, it is always important to follow the prescribed dosage and to inform healthcare professionals of any other medications or supplements being taken to avoid any potential drug interactions.
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine): Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, is a water-soluble vitamin that is part of the B-complex group of vitamins. It plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, including metabolism, brain development, and the production of red blood cells.
The drug pyridoxine is primarily used as a dietary supplement to treat or prevent vitamin B6 deficiency. It is also used as an adjunct therapy in conditions such as peripheral neuropathy, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and some types of anemia.
Pyridoxine functions as a coenzyme, meaning it helps enzymes carry out chemical reactions in the body. It is involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Specifically, it aids in the conversion of the amino acid tryptophan into serotonin, a neurotransmitter that regulates mood and sleep.
The recommended daily dose of pyridoxine varies depending on age, gender, and specific conditions. For adults, the recommended daily intake ranges from 1.3 to 2.0 mg. Higher doses, up to 200 mg per day, may be prescribed in certain medical conditions.
While pyridoxine is generally considered safe, high doses or long-term use may result in adverse effects. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, headache, and drowsiness. In rare cases, high doses of pyridoxine can lead to peripheral neuropathy, which is characterized by numbness, tingling, and pain in the hands and feet.
It is important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any vitamin or supplement, as they can provide personalized advice regarding appropriate dosages and potential interactions with other medications.
Vitamin B1: Drug: Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
Use: Thiamine, also known as Vitamin B1, is an essential water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of carbohydrates. It is used as a supplement to treat or prevent thiamine deficiency. Thiamine deficiency can occur due to various conditions such as alcoholism, malnutrition, chronic diarrhea, and certain genetic disorders.
Mechanism of Action: Thiamine acts as a coenzyme in several essential metabolic reactions, most notably in the conversion of carbohydrates into energy. It is essential for the proper functioning of enzymes involved in energy production, nerve function, and the synthesis of DNA and neurotransmitters.
Dose: The recommended daily dose of thiamine varies depending on age, sex, and individual needs. For adults, the usual oral dose for thiamine deficiency ranges from 5 to 30 mg per day. Higher doses may be required in severe cases or under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Thiamine is available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, and injections.
Side Effects: Thiamine is generally considered safe when taken within the recommended dosage. It is a water-soluble vitamin, which means any excess is excreted through urine. However, high doses of thiamine can sometimes cause mild side effects such as stomach discomfort, nausea, and unusual body odor. Allergic reactions to thiamine supplements are rare but can occur in some individuals. It is always advisable to consult a healthcare professional before starting any new supplementation regimen.
Adenosylcobalamin: Adenosylcobalamin, also known as Coenzyme B12 or AdoB12, is a form of vitamin B12. It plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, including the production of red blood cells, the maintenance of nerve cells, and the metabolism of fatty acids and amino acids. Adenosylcobalamin is commonly used as a nutritional supplement or as a treatment for vitamin B12 deficiency.
The mechanism of action of Adenosylcobalamin involves its conversion into methylcobalamin, another form of vitamin B12, within the body. Adenosylcobalamin is primarily responsible for the activation of an enzyme called methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, which plays a vital role in the processing of certain amino acids and fatty acids. By participating in this enzymatic reaction, Adenosylcobalamin helps in the synthesis of myelin, the protective covering of nerve cells, and aids in the formation of healthy red blood cells.
The recommended dose of Adenosylcobalamin varies depending on the individual’s age, underlying medical conditions, and the severity of their deficiency. It is typically administered orally in the form of tablets or capsules. The usual dosage for adults is around 1 to 2.5 mg per day, while children may require lower doses based on their age and weight. It is important to consult a healthcare professional to determine the appropriate dosage for each individual.
Adenosylcobalamin is generally considered safe when taken at recommended doses. However, like any medication, it can have potential side effects. Common side effects include gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain. In rare cases, allergic reactions such as rash, itching, and swelling may occur. If any adverse effects are experienced, it is important to seek medical attention.
It is worth noting that Adenosylcobalamin should not be used as a substitute for a balanced diet or as a treatment for conditions other than B12 deficiency. It is primarily used to correct vitamin B12 deficiencies caused by inadequate dietary intake, malabsorption disorders, or certain medical conditions. The use of Adenosylcobalamin should always be supervised by a healthcare professional to ensure appropriate dosing and monitor the patient’s response.
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin): Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for various processes in the body. It is involved in energy production, metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, antioxidant activity, and the production of red blood cells.
The primary use of riboflavin is to prevent or treat riboflavin deficiency. A deficiency in this vitamin can lead to a condition called ariboflavinosis, which can cause symptoms such as fatigue, cracks in the corners of the mouth, inflammation of the tongue, and dry and scaling skin.
Mechanism of Action:
Riboflavin is converted into its active form, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and flavin mononucleotide (FMN) in the body. These active forms act as coenzymes, participating in various enzymatic reactions involved in energy production and metabolism.
Dose:
The recommended daily dose of riboflavin varies depending on age, gender, and specific needs. The average adult dose is 1.1 to 1.3 mg per day for males and 0.9 to 1.1 mg per day for females. Higher doses may be prescribed for individuals with specific conditions or deficiencies.
Side Effects:
Riboflavin is generally safe and well-tolerated when taken within the recommended dosage range. However, high doses of riboflavin may cause bright yellow discoloration of urine, although this is harmless. In rare cases, individuals may experience allergic reactions such as itching, rash, or swelling.
It is important to note that riboflavin is a naturally occurring vitamin found in many foods, including dairy products, eggs, meat, fish, and leafy green vegetables. It is also available as a dietary supplement in tablet or capsule form. Before starting any supplementation, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the appropriate dosage and to ensure there are no contraindications or interactions with other medications.
