LACTULOSE

LACTULOSE: Lactulose is a prescription medication commonly used to treat constipation. It is also used to reduce the amount of ammonia in the blood in cases of liver disease.

The mechanism of action of lactulose is not fully understood, but it is believed to work by increasing the water content and softening the stools, making them easier to pass. Additionally, lactulose is not digested in the small intestine and is fermented by bacteria in the colon, leading to the production of lactic acid and other acids. This acidification of the colon helps to draw out water into the bowel, further aiding in softening the stools and facilitating bowel movements.

The recommended dosage of lactulose can vary depending on the condition being treated. For constipation, the usual starting dose in adults is 15-30 ml (or 1-2 tablespoons) per day, which can be adjusted based on individual response and tolerance. In cases of hepatic encephalopathy, higher doses may be required.

Common side effects of lactulose include bloating, gas, abdominal discomfort, and diarrhea. These side effects are usually mild and resolve on their own as the body adjusts to the medication. It is important to drink plenty of water while taking lactulose to avoid dehydration.

Some individuals may experience more severe side effects such as electrolyte imbalances or allergic reactions. It is important to contact a healthcare professional if these occur.

Overall, lactulose is a safe and effective medication for treating constipation and managing hepatic encephalopathy. However, it is important to follow the prescribed dosage and consult with a healthcare professional to ensure proper use and monitor for any potential side effects.