LAXATIVES/PURGATIVES/LUBRICANTS/COMBINATIONS
LAXATIVES/PURGATIVES/LUBRICANTS/COMBINATIONS: Laxatives, purgatives, lubricants, and combination drugs are used to promote bowel movements and relieve constipation. They work by either increasing the bulk and moisture content of the stool, stimulating bowel movements, or lubricating the intestines.
Mechanism of Action:
Laxatives that increase stool bulk and moisture include fiber supplements and osmotic agents such as polyethylene glycol. These agents work by adding bulk to the stool, which softens it and stimulates bowel movements.
Stimulant laxatives like senna or bisacodyl irritate the intestines, increasing the muscle contractions and decreasing water absorption, resulting in increased peristalsis and bowel movements.
Lubricant laxatives such as mineral oil work by coating the stool, making it slippery and easier to pass through the intestines.
Combination laxatives usually contain a mixture of the above classes of drugs to provide multiple mechanisms of action.
Use and Dose:
These drugs are typically used for short-term relief of constipation. They may also be used before medical procedures that require clear bowels, such as a colonoscopy.
The dose and frequency of use vary depending on the specific drug and the severity of constipation. It is important to follow the instructions provided by the healthcare professional or on the package label. Overuse or misuse of laxatives can lead to dependence and other complications.
Side Effects:
Common side effects of laxatives, purgatives, lubricants, and combinations include abdominal discomfort, cramping, bloating, and gas. In some cases, they may cause diarrhea or loose stools. It is important to stay hydrated when using these medications.
Prolonged or excessive use of laxatives can lead to electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, and dependence on laxatives for bowel movements. Long-term use may also decrease the effectiveness of the bowel’s natural ability to stimulate movements, leading to a further dependence on laxatives.
It is important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any laxative or purgative medication, especially if you have any underlying medical conditions or if you are taking other medications that may interact with them.
