LEFLUNOMIDE

LEFLUNOMIDE: Leflunomide is a medication that is primarily used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the joints. It is also occasionally prescribed for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis.

The mechanism of action of leflunomide involves inhibiting the activity of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in the synthesis of pyrimidines, which are essential for the replication of rapidly dividing cells. By inhibiting this enzyme, leflunomide suppresses the immune system and reduces the production of cytokines, which are involved in inflammation. This helps to alleviate the symptoms and slow down the progression of rheumatoid arthritis.

Leflunomide is available in tablet form and is usually taken once a day. The recommended starting dose is 100 mg for the first three days, followed by a maintenance dose of 20 mg to 30 mg per day. It may take several weeks to months before the full benefits of leflunomide are felt.

As with any medication, leflunomide may cause side effects. Common side effects include diarrhea, nausea, stomach upset, hair loss, and rash. Most of these side effects are mild and go away on their own. However, if they persist or become bothersome, it is important to consult a healthcare professional.

Leflunomide can also affect the liver, so regular monitoring of liver function is necessary during treatment. It may also decrease the production of blood cells, so periodic blood tests are recommended to monitor blood cell counts.

It is important to note that leflunomide is contraindicated for use in pregnant women or women of childbearing age who are not using reliable contraception, as it may cause birth defects. Furthermore, it can interact with certain other medications, so it is essential to inform the healthcare provider about all other medications being taken.