VIT B1 + VIT B2 + VIT B6 + VIT B12 + NICOTINAMIDE + D-PANTHENOL + L-LYSINE
Vit B1: Drug: Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
Description: Vitamin B1, also known as thiamine, is a water-soluble vitamin that is necessary for various bodily functions. It is essential for converting food into energy and plays a key role in the functioning of the nervous system, muscles, and cardiovascular system.
Use: Thiamine is used as a dietary supplement to prevent or treat vitamin B1 deficiency, particularly in individuals with poor nutrition, alcoholics, and those with certain medical conditions such as gastrointestinal disorders or prolonged fasting. It is also used to treat alcohol withdrawal syndrome and certain nerve disorders (e.g., Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome).
Mechanism of Action: Thiamine acts as a coenzyme, meaning it assists enzymes in facilitating important chemical reactions in the body. It plays a key role in carbohydrate metabolism, helping convert glucose into usable energy. Thiamine is also necessary for the synthesis of neurotransmitters, such as acetylcholine, which are important for proper nervous system function.
Dose: The recommended daily intake of thiamine varies depending on age, sex, and specific conditions. In adults, the usual oral dose for thiamine deficiency is 5-30 mg per day. Higher doses may be required for certain medical conditions under the supervision of a healthcare professional.
Side Effects: Thiamine is generally safe and well-tolerated when taken within recommended doses. However, high doses of thiamine supplements may occasionally cause mild gastrointestinal symptoms such as stomach upset, nausea, or diarrhea. Allergic reactions are rare but possible. It is important to consult a healthcare professional before starting any new medication or supplement to discuss proper dosage and potential side effects.
Vit B2: Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is a vitamin that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. It is an essential nutrient required by the body for various biological processes.
Use:
Vitamin B2 is primarily used as a dietary supplement to address deficiencies and to maintain overall health. It is also commonly used to prevent and treat riboflavin deficiency disorders, such as ariboflavinosis. Additionally, it may be indicated in certain medical conditions, including migraine headaches and cataracts.
Mechanism of Action:
Riboflavin is converted into two coenzymes, flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), in the body. These coenzymes play a vital role in several metabolic reactions, particularly in the electron transport chain and the metabolism of other vitamins like niacin. They act as cofactors for numerous enzymes involved in energy production and cellular functioning.
Dose:
The recommended daily intake of vitamin B2 varies depending on age, sex, and specific conditions. For most healthy adults, it is generally recommended to consume around 1.3-1.7 mg/day. However, higher doses may be prescribed in certain cases, such as for treating deficiencies or specific medical conditions. The dose should be determined by a healthcare professional.
Side Effects:
Vitamin B2 is generally considered safe when taken within the recommended dosage range. However, high doses may cause harmless yellow coloring of the urine. Rarely, people may experience diarrhea, increased urine production, or allergic reactions such as itching, swelling, or rash. If any severe or persistent side effects occur, it is important to discontinue the use of the supplement and seek medical attention.
It is worth noting that vitamin B2 is generally well-tolerated and does not commonly cause significant adverse effects when used appropriately. However, as with any supplement or medication, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment to determine the appropriate dosage and assess any potential risks or interactions with other medications.
Vit B6: Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in numerous bodily functions. It is an essential nutrient that cannot be synthesized by the body, therefore it needs to be obtained through diet or supplements.
Use:
Vitamin B6 is used as a dietary supplement to correct deficiencies, support overall health, and treat certain conditions. It is commonly prescribed to help treat or prevent vitamin B6 deficiency, which can be caused by inadequate dietary intake, malabsorption disorders, certain medications (such as isoniazid), or certain medical conditions (such as kidney disease).
Additionally, vitamin B6 is often used to alleviate symptoms associated with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and morning sickness during pregnancy. It may also be used to reduce the risk of heart disease, promote brain health, and support the immune system.
Mechanism of Action:
Vitamin B6 participates in various enzymatic reactions in the body, primarily as a coenzyme. It is involved in the metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. Specifically, it helps convert the amino acid tryptophan into serotonin, a neurotransmitter that regulates mood, sleep, and appetite. Additionally, vitamin B6 is required for the synthesis of hemoglobin, the protein responsible for carrying oxygen in red blood cells.
Dose:
The recommended daily intake of vitamin B6 varies depending on age, sex, and specific health conditions. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for adults is between 1.3 to 1.7 mg per day. However, higher doses may be prescribed by a healthcare professional to treat specific deficiencies or conditions.
It’s important to note that excessively high doses of vitamin B6 can cause adverse effects. The tolerable upper intake level for adults is set at 100 mg per day.
Side Effects:
When taken within the recommended dosage range, vitamin B6 is generally considered safe and usually does not cause significant side effects. However, high doses or prolonged use can lead to certain adverse effects, including:
1. Nausea and vomiting.
2. Sensory neuropathy (tingling, numbness) in the extremities.
3. Photosensitivity (increased sensitivity to sunlight).
4. Gastrointestinal disturbances (such as abdominal pain or diarrhea).
5. Headache.
6. Sleepiness or drowsiness.
If any of these side effects occur or worsen, it is important to consult a healthcare professional. Additionally, individuals with certain medical conditions (such as kidney stones or Parkinson’s disease) should use caution and consult a healthcare professional before starting high-dose vitamin B6 supplementation.
Vit B12: Drug Name: Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)
Use: Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient that plays a crucial role in the formation of red blood cells, proper nerve function, and the synthesis of DNA. It is commonly used to treat or prevent vitamin B12 deficiency, which can occur due to various reasons such as poor diet, pernicious anemia, gastrointestinal disorders, or certain medications.
Mechanism of Action: Cyanocobalamin, the synthetic form of vitamin B12, functions as a coenzyme for various enzymatic reactions in the body. It is essential for the conversion of homocysteine to methionine and the conversion of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA. Vitamin B12 also aids in DNA synthesis and promotes the formation and maturation of red blood cells.
Dose: The typical adult dose of cyanocobalamin for vitamin B12 deficiency is 1000 mcg injected into the muscle or under the skin once daily for one week, followed by a maintenance dose of 1000 mcg every 1-3 months. The dosage may vary based on the specific indication and individual patient needs. Oral supplements are also available, but they may not be as effective in certain conditions affecting absorption.
Side Effects: Vitamin B12 is generally well-tolerated, and significant side effects are rare. However, some individuals may experience mild transient side effects such as headache, dizziness, or gastrointestinal disturbances like nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Allergic reactions to cyanocobalamin are extremely rare but can occur. In rare instances of excessive or long-term use, vitamin B12 can lead to hypokalemia (low potassium levels), which may require monitoring in individuals with existing conditions such as heart disease or kidney problems.
It is important to note that vitamin B12 supplements should be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as self-diagnosis and supplementation may not address the underlying cause of deficiency.
Nicotinamide: Nicotinamide, also known as niacinamide, is a form of vitamin B3 that is commonly used as a dietary supplement. It is important for the breakdown of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates in the body. Nicotinamide can also be used as a medication to treat certain skin conditions and as a preventive measure for certain types of cancer.
Nicotinamide works by providing the body with the necessary building blocks to produce enzymes that are involved in various cellular processes. It is converted into nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), which is a coenzyme that plays a crucial role in metabolism and energy production.
In dermatology, nicotinamide is often used as a treatment for acne and inflammatory skin conditions such as rosacea. It has anti-inflammatory properties and can help reduce sebum production, which can lead to fewer breakouts. Nicotinamide can also be used for treating hyperpigmentation and improving the overall texture and tone of the skin.
The recommended dose of nicotinamide varies depending on the condition being treated. For acne and inflammatory skin conditions, a typical dose is 500 mg taken orally twice daily. However, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the appropriate dosage for individual needs.
Nicotinamide is generally considered safe with minimal side effects. Common side effects may include upset stomach, nausea, and flushing. These side effects are usually mild and transient. In rare cases, allergic reactions may occur, which may present as rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing. If any severe or persistent side effects occur, it is important to seek medical attention.
Overall, nicotinamide is a well-tolerated medication that can be beneficial for certain skin conditions and as a preventive measure for certain types of cancer. However, it is important to use it under the guidance of a healthcare professional to ensure appropriate use and dosage.
D-Panthenol: D-Panthenol, also known as dexpanthenol or provitamin B5, is a synthetic form of vitamin B5. It is a water-soluble vitamin that is converted to pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) in the body, which plays a crucial role in various metabolic processes.
D-Panthenol has several uses in medicine and dermatology. It is commonly found in skincare products, such as creams, lotions, and ointments, due to its moisturizing and soothing properties. It helps to improve the hydration and elasticity of the skin, making it useful in the treatment of dry, irritated, or damaged skin. D-Panthenol is also used in hair care products to strengthen and condition the hair.
The main mechanism of action of D-Panthenol is its ability to penetrate the skin and convert into pantothenic acid. Pantothenic acid is an essential component of coenzyme A, which is involved in various enzymatic reactions in the body, including the synthesis and metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. By promoting the synthesis of fatty acids and proteins, D-Panthenol helps in repairing and regenerating the skin cells.
The dose of D-Panthenol varies depending on the formulation and its intended use. It is available as a cream, lotion, ointment, or in the form of oral supplements. It is usually applied topically on the affected area of the skin 2-3 times a day or as directed by a healthcare professional. For oral supplements, it is important to follow the recommended dosage mentioned on the packaging or as advised by a doctor.
D-Panthenol is generally considered safe and well-tolerated. However, in rare cases, some individuals may experience mild side effects such as skin irritation, redness, or allergic reactions. If any adverse reactions occur, it is advisable to discontinue use and seek medical attention.
Overall, D-Panthenol is a versatile vitamin B5 derivative that is widely used in skincare and hair care products for its moisturizing, soothing, and regenerative properties. It serves as an effective treatment for various skin conditions and helps improve the overall health and appearance of the skin and hair.
L-Lysine: L-Lysine is an essential amino acid that the body cannot produce on its own and must be obtained through the diet or supplementation. It has various uses and benefits in the human body.
L-Lysine is commonly used as a dietary supplement to prevent and treat herpes simplex infections, including cold sores (oral herpes) and genital herpes. It works by inhibiting the replication of the herpes virus and reducing the severity and duration of outbreaks.
In addition to its antiviral properties, L-Lysine is also often used to support the immune system and promote the production of collagen. It plays a crucial role in the formation of collagen, a protein that is essential for the health of our skin, bones, tendons, and other connective tissues. Lysine is also involved in the production of enzymes, hormones, and antibodies.
The recommended dose of L-Lysine depends on the specific condition being treated. For the prevention and treatment of herpes simplex infections, a typical dose is usually around 1000-3000 mg per day. However, it is important to consult a healthcare professional or follow the instructions on the product label for proper dosage recommendations.
L-Lysine is generally considered safe for most people when taken orally at the recommended doses. However, some individuals may experience mild side effects such as stomach pain, diarrhea, and nausea. High doses of L-Lysine may also cause an increase in calcium absorption, which can lead to hypercalcemia (elevated calcium levels in the blood). Therefore, it is important to avoid very high doses without medical supervision, especially for individuals with kidney or liver disease.
It is important to note that L-Lysine supplements may interact with certain medications, such as antibiotics or drugs that help lower blood sugar levels. Therefore, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement, especially if you have an underlying medical condition or are taking other medications.
