VITAMIN A

VITAMIN A: Drug: Vitamin A (retinol)

Use: Vitamin A is a crucial nutrient necessary for maintaining good vision, healthy skin, and a strong immune system. It is also essential for the growth and development of bones and teeth. Vitamin A is often used as a dietary supplement to prevent or treat vitamin A deficiency.

Mechanism of Action: Vitamin A functions as a fat-soluble vitamin and acts as a precursor to retinol, a form of vitamin A that can be used by the body. Retinol is essential for the production of the pigment rhodopsin, which plays an important role in vision. It also regulates gene expression, cell differentiation, and immune function.

Dose: The recommended daily intake of vitamin A can vary depending on age, sex, and specific health conditions. For adults, the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of vitamin A is approximately 700 – 900 micrograms (mcg). However, higher doses may be prescribed for certain medical conditions or as directed by a healthcare professional.

Side Effects: While vitamin A is generally safe when taken in appropriate doses, excessive intake can lead to a condition called hypervitaminosis A. Symptoms of hypervitaminosis A may include nausea, dizziness, headache, skin irritation, hair loss, bone pain, and liver damage. Pregnant women should be cautious about high doses of vitamin A, as it can cause birth defects.

It is important to note that excessive vitamin A intake can come from both supplements and diet sources, so it is wise to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any vitamin A supplementation regimen.