VITAMIN B3 (NIACINAMIDE) + VIT B1 + VIT B2 + VIT B6 + VIT B12 + L-CARNITINE
Vitamin B3 (niacinamide): Vitamin B3, also known as niacinamide, is a water-soluble vitamin that belongs to the B-complex group. It is an essential nutrient that plays a vital role in energy production and metabolism in the body. Niacinamide is the active form of niacin, also known as vitamin B3.
Niacinamide is primarily used as a dietary supplement to treat or prevent niacin deficiency. It is also used in the treatment of certain medical conditions, such as high cholesterol levels and pellagra, a condition caused by vitamin B3 deficiency. Additionally, niacinamide is sometimes used in topical products for the management of acne and other skin conditions.
The mechanism of action of niacinamide involves its conversion into coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). These coenzymes play essential roles in various metabolic processes, including the conversion of carbohydrates into energy and the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol.
The recommended daily dose of niacinamide varies depending on the age, sex, and health condition of the individual. For adults, the typical dosage ranges from 14 to 18 mg per day. However, higher doses may be prescribed for specific medical conditions, such as high cholesterol, where doses can range from 250 to 2000 mg daily.
Niacinamide is generally considered safe when taken in appropriate doses. However, high doses of niacinamide can cause side effects, including flushing, headache, dizziness, itching, nausea, vomiting, stomach upset, and diarrhea. These symptoms are more common with niacin, the immediate-release form of vitamin B3, rather than niacinamide.
It is important to note that niacinamide may interact with certain medications, such as blood thinners, diabetes medications, and blood pressure medications. Therefore, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before starting niacinamide supplementation to ensure its safety and compatibility with other medications.
Overall, niacinamide is an important nutrient that plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and has potential therapeutic uses in the treatment of certain medical conditions. However, it is important to use niacinamide under the guidance of a healthcare professional and adhere to the recommended dosage to minimize the risk of side effects.
Vit B1: Drug: Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
Use: Vitamin B1, also known as thiamine, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. It is used to prevent or treat thiamine deficiency, also known as beriberi, which can cause various symptoms including fatigue, weakness, loss of appetite, and nerve problems.
Mechanism of Action: Thiamine functions as a coenzyme in various metabolic pathways, particularly in the breakdown of glucose to produce energy. It helps convert carbohydrates into glucose, which is then used by cells for energy. Thiamine also plays a role in nerve function and the synthesis of neurotransmitters.
Dose: The recommended daily intake of thiamine for adults is approximately 1.1 to 1.2 mg for men and 0.8 to 0.9 mg for women. As a supplement or for the treatment of deficiency, the usual oral dosage ranges from 5 mg to 100 mg per day, depending on the severity of the deficiency and the individual’s response to treatment. In severe cases, thiamine may be administered intravenously.
Side Effects: Vitamin B1 is generally well-tolerated when taken within the recommended dosage range. However, high doses or long-term use may result in rare side effects such as allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling), dizziness, headache, diarrhea, or stomach upset. It is important to consult a healthcare professional before taking high doses of thiamine to avoid potential interactions or adverse effects.
Vit B2: Drug: Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
Use: Vitamin B2 is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for the body’s growth and overall health. It is used as a dietary supplement to treat and prevent riboflavin deficiency. Vitamin B2 is also prescribed to help in the prevention of migraine headaches and cataracts.
Mechanism of Action: Vitamin B2 is involved in various cellular processes, including energy production, metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, and the maintenance of healthy vision and skin. It acts as a coenzyme, which means it assists in the regulation of enzymatic reactions in the body.
Dose: The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for vitamin B2 varies depending on age, sex, and specific conditions. For adults, the RDA is around 1.3 mg/day for males and 1.1 mg/day for females. Higher doses may be recommended for specific conditions such as migraines, as advised by a healthcare professional.
Side Effects: Vitamin B2 is generally considered safe when taken in recommended doses. However, high doses may occasionally cause mild side effects such as diarrhea, increased urine output (causing it to appear bright yellow), and hypersensitivity reactions like itching or rashes. It is important to consult a healthcare professional before taking high doses of any vitamin or supplement to avoid any potential risks or interactions.
Vit B6: Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in various bodily functions. It is an essential nutrient that cannot be synthesized by the body and therefore needs to be obtained through the diet or dietary supplements.
Use:
Vitamin B6 is primarily used for the prevention and treatment of vitamin B6 deficiency. It is also utilized in the management of certain medical conditions such as:
1. Prevention and treatment of vitamin B6 deficiency: Vitamin B6 deficiency can occur in people who have poor nutrition, alcoholism, malabsorption disorders, or certain medical conditions. Supplementation with vitamin B6 helps to maintain adequate levels of this essential nutrient in the body.
2. Treatment of certain neurological disorders: Vitamin B6 is occasionally used as an adjunctive therapy for managing conditions like seizures, neuropathy, and certain types of dizziness (vertigo).
3. Pre-Menstrual Syndrome (PMS): Vitamin B6 has been studied for its potential benefits in alleviating the symptoms of PMS, such as mood swings, irritability, and bloating. However, further research is needed to establish its effectiveness in this regard.
Mechanism of Action:
Vitamin B6 is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in the body that play a vital role in metabolism, nervous system function, and the synthesis of neurotransmitters (chemical messengers in the brain). It is a co-factor for more than 100 enzymes, which are essential for the functioning of amino acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.
Dose:
The recommended daily intake of vitamin B6 varies depending on age, sex, and specific health conditions. The average recommended daily dose for adults is around 1.3-1.5 mg. However, in certain situations, such as vitamin B6 deficiency or under medical supervision, higher doses may be prescribed.
Side Effects:
When taken at appropriate doses, vitamin B6 is generally safe and well-tolerated. However, excessive intake of vitamin B6 can cause adverse effects, such as:
1. Nerve damage: Prolonged intake of very high doses (over 200 mg per day) of vitamin B6 for an extended period can lead to peripheral neuropathy, causing tingling, numbness, and pain in the hands and feet.
2. Photosensitivity: Some individuals might experience an increased sensitivity to sunlight or develop a skin rash when taking high doses of vitamin B6.
It is important to consult a healthcare professional or a registered dietitian before starting any vitamin B6 supplementation to determine the appropriate dosage and duration.
Vit B12: Drug: Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)
Description: Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in the synthesis of DNA, red blood cell production, and proper functioning of the nervous system.
Use: Vitamin B12 is primarily used in the treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency commonly caused by pernicious anemia, malabsorption disorders, or a vegetarian/vegan diet lacking sufficient vitamin B12 sources. It may also be utilized for other conditions such as nerve damage, certain types of anemia, and fatigue.
Mechanism of Action: Cyanocobalamin, the synthetic form of vitamin B12, acts as a coenzyme for various enzymatic reactions in the body, including the conversion of homocysteine to methionine and the conversion of methylmalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA. These reactions are essential for the synthesis of DNA, red blood cell production, and nerve function.
Dose: The dosage of vitamin B12 is determined based on the severity of the deficiency and the individual’s specific needs. It can be administered intramuscularly, orally, or via nasal spray. Common dosages include 1,000 to 2,000 mcg injected intramuscularly once daily or intermittently, or 2.4 to 2.8 mcg taken orally daily for maintenance therapy. Nasal spray formulations usually range from 500 to 1000 mcg per dose.
Side Effects: Vitamin B12 is generally considered safe and well-tolerated when taken at recommended doses. However, some individuals may experience mild side effects such as diarrhea, nausea, or a mild rash. In rare cases, allergic reactions, chest pain, difficulty breathing, or swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat may occur, requiring immediate medical attention. Long-term high doses of vitamin B12 may lead to hypokalemia (low potassium levels) or thrombosis (blood clotting).
It is important to consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplementation to determine the appropriate dosage and assess for any potential drug interactions or pre-existing medical conditions.
L-Carnitine: L-Carnitine is a dietary supplement that is used to improve energy production in the body and enhance physical performance. It is naturally produced in the body and can also be obtained from certain foods, such as meat and dairy products.
The main function of L-Carnitine is to transport fatty acids into the mitochondria, which are the powerhouses of the cells. This enables the fatty acids to be converted into energy. L-Carnitine also helps to remove toxic byproducts from the mitochondria, thereby improving overall cellular function.
L-Carnitine is often used by athletes and bodybuilders as a performance-enhancing supplement to increase endurance, muscle recovery, and reduce fatigue. It is also sometimes used for weight loss as it aids in the breakdown of fat molecules.
The recommended dose of L-Carnitine varies depending on the specific purpose. For general energy enhancement and physical performance, a typical dose is 2-4 grams per day. For weight loss, a dose of 1-3 grams per day is commonly advised.
L-Carnitine is generally safe when taken orally in appropriate doses. However, like any supplement, it can have side effects. The most common side effects are gastrointestinal problems, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. In rare cases, L-Carnitine can cause an allergic reaction or interact with certain medications, so it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider before starting supplementation.
Additionally, individuals with certain medical conditions, such as kidney disease or epilepsy, should exercise caution when taking L-Carnitine and consult with their healthcare provider before use.
Overall, L-Carnitine can be a useful dietary supplement for improving energy production and physical performance. However, it is always best to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen to ensure safety and efficacy.
