VITAMIN C + VITAMIN E + KOJIC ACID
Vitamin C: Drug: Vitamin C
Use:
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in the growth, development, and repair of tissues in the body. It is primarily used as a dietary supplement to prevent or treat vitamin C deficiency, which can lead to scurvy. Additionally, it is often taken to boost the immune system, promote wound healing, and improve the absorption of iron from plant-based foods.
Mechanism of Action:
Vitamin C acts as a potent antioxidant, neutralizing harmful free radicals in the body. It also aids in the synthesis of collagen, a protein required for the integrity of the skin, blood vessels, tendons, and ligaments. Moreover, vitamin C enhances the absorption of iron by converting it into a more absorbable form.
Dose:
The recommended daily intake of vitamin C varies based on age, sex, and specific conditions. For most adults, the recommended daily intake is around 75-90 mg. However, for pregnant and lactating women, the dose increases to 85-120 mg.
It is worth noting that some individuals may require higher doses, especially those with specific medical conditions or individuals who smoke. These individuals may benefit from higher doses of up to 1000 mg per day, but it is recommended to consult a healthcare professional before taking such high doses.
Side Effects:
Vitamin C is generally considered safe and well-tolerated when consumed in recommended doses. However, excessive intake can lead to gastrointestinal issues such as diarrhea, nausea, and stomach cramps. In rare cases, high doses of vitamin C can result in kidney stones in susceptible individuals.
Furthermore, individuals with certain medical conditions, such as kidney disorders or a history of calcium oxalate kidney stones, should exercise caution and consult a healthcare professional before taking vitamin C supplements.
It is also essential to note that while vitamin C is generally safe, taking extremely high doses (above 2000 mg per day) for extended periods may lead to adverse health effects. Therefore, it is always recommended to follow the recommended intake guidelines or seek medical advice when considering higher doses.
Vitamin E: Drug: Vitamin E
Use: Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin that is essential for the proper functioning of the body. It is used as a dietary supplement to prevent or treat vitamin E deficiency.
Mechanism of Action: Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant in the body, protecting cells from the damage caused by free radicals. It helps maintain the integrity of cell membranes and protects low-density lipoproteins (LDL) from oxidation. Additionally, it plays a role in immune function, gene expression, and cell signaling.
Dose: The recommended daily dose of vitamin E varies depending on age and sex. For adults, the general recommended daily allowance is 15 mg (22.4 IU) of alpha-tocopherol, the most biologically active form of vitamin E. Higher doses may be prescribed in certain medical conditions.
Side Effects: Vitamin E is generally safe when taken at recommended doses. However, high doses of vitamin E supplements (above 400 IU/day) can cause adverse effects. These may include gastrointestinal issues like nausea, diarrhea, and stomach cramps. In rare cases, high doses of vitamin E may increase the risk of bleeding, especially in individuals taking blood-thinning medications. It is important to consult a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement to determine the appropriate dosage and assess potential interactions or contraindications with other medications.
Kojic Acid: Kojic Acid is a natural compound that is commonly used in skincare products and as a skin lightening agent. It is derived from various fungi species and is classified as a tyrosinase inhibitor.
The main use of Kojic Acid is to lighten skin discoloration, such as dark spots, hyperpigmentation, and melasma. It works by inhibiting the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for giving our skin its color. By blocking the enzyme tyrosinase, which is involved in melanin synthesis, Kojic Acid helps to fade existing hyperpigmentation and prevent the formation of new dark spots.
Kojic Acid is available in various forms such as creams, lotions, soaps, and serums. It is usually recommended for topical application once or twice daily. The concentration of Kojic Acid in these products can vary, so it is important to follow the manufacturer’s instructions and start with a lower concentration to avoid skin irritation or sensitivity.
While Kojic Acid is generally considered safe to use, it can cause some side effects. Common side effects include skin irritation, redness, and a burning or stinging sensation. Some individuals with sensitive skin may experience allergic reactions, such as itching or rash. Prolonged or excessive use of high concentrations of Kojic Acid can also lead to skin dryness or a temporary darkening of the skin.
It is worth noting that Kojic Acid can increase skin sensitivity to the sun, making it more prone to sunburn. Therefore, it is essential to use sunscreen with a high sun protection factor (SPF) when using Kojic Acid products and to limit sun exposure as much as possible.
As with any skincare product or medication, it is advisable to consult a dermatologist or healthcare professional before starting Kojic Acid treatment, especially if you have any underlying skin conditions or allergies. They can provide personalized recommendations and advice based on your specific needs and medical history.
